The newest matched up imagine to the evaluation ranging from J2-step 1 and K1-8 was the best total (0
Dining table cuatro Pairwise D
Pairwise comparison of Dest among V. destructor variants infesting A. cerana and A. mellifera colonies revealed significant differences after correction for multiple comparisons (Table 4). The Dest values among V. destructor K variants infesting A. cerana were moderate to high, ranging between 0.18 and 0.63. The estimates among V. destructor K and C variants infesting A. cerana and the variant infesting naughty colombian chat room A. mellifera were higher overall, ranging between 0.60 and 0.89. J2-1 showed the highest pairwise Dest values when combined with most variants. 91).
est analysis among V. destructor variants infesting A. mellifera and A. cerana colonies. Cell background color from blue to red correlates with increasing Dest estimate values. *** P < 0.001
Varroa destructor reproduction
Mites gathered out-of A good. cerana regarding Hangzhou region and you will made use of experimentally in order to infest staff and drone brood tissue out of both servers species belonged in order to alternatives K1-1/2, K1-step 3, K1-5, K1-six, and K1-seven. The newest estimated level of versions in this field was seven, which have a good 95% confidence period away from (6.step 1, 19.6) into a couple of fullness estimators determined (getting facts, come across Dining table S8). Most foundresses had been rich (81–100%, suggest ± s.d = ninety-five.step 1 ± eight.8%) when placed on An excellent. cerana drone brood, but just a 3rd ones reached reproductive victory (we.age., delivered at least one mated child) (Fig. 6). Only 1 from 100 as well as 2 out of 119 reproduced into the most other brood sizes, we.e., toward worker brood of An excellent. cerana and you may A great. mellifera, respectively. One of them around three mites produced a practical girl (Fig. 6a). This new haplotype of those around three somebody is actually identified as K1-1/dos, and you can microsatellite research showed that these mites belonged to your invasive mite populace infesting Good. mellifera (Figs. 4, 5).
Portion of Varroa destructor foundress mites instead with reproductive success once experimental infestation of a worker and you can b drone brood regarding Apis cerana and you may Apis mellifera. The first machine species of mites obtained to have experimental infestation and you may the servers kinds experimentally plagued is shown to the left off the newest pubs. Amount of people and you can colonies infested are conveyed on the right
Most mites (58–84%, suggest ± s.d = 68.6 ± several.2%) gathered during the A beneficial. mellifera colonies have been fruitful whenever apply brood off both host species and you can one another men and women, having anywhere between 25 and you will forty% finding reproductive success (Fig. 6). Several mites obtained out of An excellent. mellifera have been identified as K1-5 variants (Figs. 4, 5). These mites failed to reproduce (Fig. 6a). The 5 mites utilized in an enthusiastic atypical machine was in fact excluded off the fresh new dataset to have acting reproductive profits.
Lack in the place of density of reproductive profits try ideal modeled whenever also the standards of your new machine types and you can server variety into that your mites had been experimentally delivered. One another items affected reproductive inability rather (Table S9). When the telecommunications ranging from these types of affairs try considered, the reproductive success of A great. cerana mites is less regular when infesting one another hosts opposed to help you An excellent. mellifera mites (Dining table S9). The likelihood of winning breeding regarding An effective. mellifera mites try lower towards A good. mellifera than into completely new machine, An excellent. cerana. In the A beneficial. cerana mites, achievements was not as likely with the Good. mellifera computers than on An effective. cerana machines. When it comes to just circumstances in which reproductive triumph was attained (from the mites coming from Good. mellifera in every kinds of brood and also by A great. cerana mites in the A. cerana drone brood), this new ratio off foundresses achieving success are better modeled of the grounds of machine species plagued. A considerably better proportion away from mites reached victory for the A. mellifera computers compared to A beneficial. cerana computers.